NEW YORK (MarketWatch) -- ATM fees, which have been rising for the past four years, cost consumers more than $4 billion last year. That's because banks are charging more these days for the convenience of using the closest cash machine.

But if you use an ATM that's in your bank's network, or sign up with a bank that doesn't levy a surcharge or will reimburse you, you can avoid paying those extra fees. Kiplinger magazine's Joan Goldwasser explains how:

Megabanks like Bank of America and Chase, she points out, upped their charge to noncustomers from $1.50 or $2 to a hefty $3 per transaction in 2007. So if you have an account at Bank of America and you use a Chase ATM, it could cost you as much as $5, factoring in the $2 fee Bank of America imposes on customers for using a machine outside its network of 18,000 ATMs.

But there's no need to pay these pesky fees, says Goldwasser. Look on the back of your ATM card for a logo that indicates the network your bank belongs to. If you use an in-network ATM, you may still pay for the use of that machine, but at least your bank won't charge you its out-of-network fee.

Better still, look for a local bank or credit union that participates in a network that doesn't levy surcharges and does not charge you if you withdraw cash from another bank's ATM. Banks that don't have their own ATM networks can actually give customers equal or greater freedom by reimbursing fees or joining forces with surcharge-free alliances.

Among such surcharge-free networks are Allpoint, Co-op Financial, CU HERE Premium network and STAR, each of which boasts tens of thousands of ATMs nationwide. You'll find their machines in a variety of locations, including gas stations, drugstores and retailers such as Costco, 7-Eleven and Target.

Another way to avoid ATM fees is to open an account at an Internet bank, such as Bank of Internet, First Internet Bank of Indiana or Everbank, that will reimburse you for fees up to a specified dollar amount, usually $6 or $7 a month. Or sign up with Metropolitan National Bank or Schwab Bank, both of which reimburse all ATM fees worldwide.

Reluctant to switch? See if your bank offers an account with free ATM transactions if you maintain a minimum balance. Or save yourself the trouble and get some exercise by walking a few extra blocks to your bank's nearest branch.